Nailing-machine



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. HYSLOP, Jr. NAILING MACHINE.

No. 429,527. Patented June 3, 1890.

WITNESSES- m: mums rz'rsns cc, mmcrmno WASHINGTON n c "(N0 Model.) 4 6 SheetsSheet 2.

J. HY$LOP,- JI'. NAILING, MACHINE.

N0. 429,527. PatentedJune s, 1890.

WITNESSES? 6 (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. HYSLOP, Jr.

NAILING MACHINE. No. 429,527. Patented June 3, 1890.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. HYSLOP, Jr.

NAILING MAGHINE. No. 429,527. PatentedJune 3,1890.

H! nun-l" I" mummu" (No Model.) a sheets'esneez 5.

J. HYSLO-P J I'. NAILING MACHINE.

N0, 4Z9,527. Patented June 8, 1 890.

WITNESSES- (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6-.

J. H'Y SLOP, Jr. NAILING MACHINE.

No. 429,527. Patented June 3, 1890.

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- UNITE-D STATES PATENT @FFICE.

JOHN HYSLOP, JR, OF ABINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

NAlLlNG-MACHINE.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 429,527, dated June 3, 1890.

' Application filed July 10,1889. Serial No.3l7,033. (No man.) v

To all whom/it may concern;

Be it known that I, JOHN HYSLOP, J12, a citizen of the United States, residing at Abington, in the county of Plymouth and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Nailing-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,- making part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is an elevation of one side of a nailing-machine constructed in accordance With my invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the opposite side .of the same. Fig. 3 is-a plan of the same. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line a; w of Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are enlarged details showing the ratchet mechanism for operating the nail-carrying cylinder. Fig. 7 is a front elevation of the machine. Fig. 8 is a partial front elevation, the front plate being removed to show the mechanism behind the same. Fig. 9 is an elevation of the inner side of the front plate and the mechanism attached thereto. Fig. 10 is a horizontal section on the line a a of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a transverse vertical section on the line y g} of Fig. 2. Fig. 11 is a detail of the pawl-carrying lever, which operates the line a a of Fig. 19.

nail drum or reservoir. Fig. 12 is a transverse vertical section on the line 2 z of Fig. 2. Fig. 12 is a sectional detail on the line b b of Fig. 8. Fig. 13 is an enlarged plan view of the nail drum or reservoir, chute, and nail- I the nail holding and centering devices. Fig.

1.) is an enlarged plan of a portion of the cap of the nail carrying cylinder and the nailguide. Fig. 20 is a vertical section on the Fig. 21 is a section on the line 0 c of Fig. 14:.

My invention. has for its ob jectto improve the construction of nailing-machines,whereby they are adapted for driving loose nails of various sizes and shapes and enabled to perform their Work in an effective and reliable manner, my improved machine being also especially adapted for driving nails with rectangular heads around the edges of heels with the longer dimension of the nail-head pointing radially inward. I

To this end my invention consists in a machine embodying, in combination with a worksupporting horn and nail-driver, a rotary cylinder provided around its circumference with vertical grooves or channels for receiving the nails which are delivered thereto from an inclined chute or track and successively carried around by the cylinder beneath the naildriver by which they are driven into the stock, the nail-receiving grooves of the carrying-cylin der being provided with nail holding and centering devices, whereby the nail is held in the exact position required to cause it to be properly driven into the stock by the nail-driver on its descent.

My invention also consists in certain novel mechanism whereby the nails are caused to pass down the chute in a correct position and prevented from becoming wedgedv or obstructed in their passage to the point where they are to be driven; and myinvention also consists in certain novel combinations of parts and details of constructiomas hereinafter set forth and specifically claimed.

In the said drawings,A represents the framework or head of the machine, which is of suitable shape to support the working parts, and is mounted, as usual, on a post or standard B, the upper portion only of which is shown.

C is the main or driving shaft, which revolves in suitable bearings and carries the driving-pulleyD and loose pulley E, the driving-pulley having secured to it a balancewheel G, and both being adapted to turn loosely upon the shaft C, except when connected therewith by a clutch mechanism, which is operated when the machine is to be started or stopped by means of a rod 12 and treadle (not shown) in a well-known manner. The shaft 0 has secured to its front end a lifting-cam c of such shape as to lift the'drive'rbar H and at the proper time release the same to permit it to be thrown down quickly by its spring I, the nail-driver (1, attached to the said driver-bar, acting at such time to drive the nail, as hereinafter described.

K is the work supporting horn or rest, which is removably secured to the upper end of a vertical rod a, sliding in guides in the standard B and surrounded by a spiral spring f, which presses the work up against the feed roll, to be hereinafter described, said rod 2 being adapted to be depressed in a well-kuown manner against the resistance of the spring f by means of a treadle. (Not shown.)

L is the nail-receiving drum or reservoir, which is open on one side to receive the loose nails, and is supported and rotated upon a stud g, Figs. 11 and 13, projecting from an arm bolted to the frame A.

M is a stationary concavo-convex apron, which is placed against the open side of the reservoir L, and is connected loosely therewith by means of screws, the heads of which lap over a ring formed integral with said apron, as seen in Figs. 13 and 14, said ring forming a guide for the drum, which is steadied thereby as it is rotated. The apron M extends up to about the center of the said drum, leaving the upper half open on that side to allow of the introduction of the loose nails. lVithin this drum, around its inner periphery, are arranged a series of buckets h, Fig. 14, which pick up the nails in small quantities as the drum revolves and drop them onto an inclined chute or track N, to be hereinafter described, the upper end of this chute or track passing through the apron M into a position to receive the nails, as seen in Figs. 7, 13, and 14.

The drum L is provided on one side with a ratchet-wheel 2', with which engages a pawl 7e on a lever Z, which is actuated in one direction by a cam m on the main shaft, and in the opposite direction by a spring 0, whereby the nail drum or reservoir is rotated intermittingly, as desired. The cam m may have one or more projections, according to the speed at which it is desired to rotate the nail-drum, and by thus rotating the nail-drum intermittingly instead of continuously, as heretofore common in nailing-machines, the nails are less liable to clog or obstruct the chute, as they are delivered thereto in smaller quantities and with an interval between each delivery, thus affording time for the surplus nails to be disposed of.

The inclined chute or track N is composed of two parallel bars "a a, Figs. 13 and 14, secured to the frame-work A, and set at such distance apart as to leave a space or raceway 1.7 between them for the reception of the shanks of the nails, the heads of which rest upon and are supported by the upper edges of the bars 12, as seen in Figs. 13 and 14. The upper end of the chute N, which lies within the nail-drum L, is enlarged and provided with inclined or flaring sides q g, which direct or guide the nails as they fall thereon into the space or raceway 19, those that fall in the right position being caught by the head, with the shank projecting down into the space 13 between the two side bars at n. Immediately below the flaring sides q the tops of the bars at n. are beveled off on opposite sides, as seen at 1*, Figs. 13 and 21, so that when the surplus nails that have not entered the space 19 slide down between the sides (1 and reach the beveled portion 0' they will fall off on either side of the chute and drop back into the drum L.

The chute N is provided with a cap or cover P, which is formed and screwed down thereon in such manner as to leave a space between it and the bars n to permit of the free passage of the heads of the nails as they slide down the chute, and at the same time prevent them from being displaced or thrown out by anyjar or concussion to which they may be subjected. The upper end of the cover P has secured to it or formed integral therewith a bifurcated guide 8, Fig, 3, 13, and 14, which projects over the beveled or reduced portion 0' of the chute, the shape of its front end, which is located centrally over the raceway being such that it will prevent the passage under the cover? of any nail which may have its head turned with its longer dimension transversely across themaceway. Should a nail in the line pass through the guides with its shank out of the raceway and parallel with its upper edge, it will immediately fall oil into the nail-drum as soon it reaches that part of the beveled portion r of the chute which is located below said guide 3, which is open at the sides below its upper bifurcated front portion, as seen at 26, Fig. 14, and by this device the nails are eflfectually prevented from becoming wedged in the chute and the free passage of the nails to its bottom thus insured.

Q, Figs. 2 and 3, is a hammer, the arm or lever of which is pivoted to the frame-work and is pushed back against the resistance of a spring t by a cam e on the main shaft, said hammer, when released being thrown by the spring 15 against the under side of the chute, the concussion thus produced keeping the nails in motion down the raceway, as required.

The nails are taken one by one from the lower end of the chute N and carried around to the point where they are to be driven into the stock by the nail-driver by a r0- tary nail-carrying cylinder R, which is sup ported upon a vertical stud f, screwed at its upper end into the frame A, as seen in Fig. 4. This cylinder is provided around its periphery with a series of any suitable number of vertical grooves g, arranged at equal distances apart, and in each of these grooves are pivoted a pair of levers h h of the form seen in Figs. 15, 16, 17, and 18, which are pressed forward, so that their lower ends touch each other, by flatsprings i, placed behind them, as seen in Fig. 15, these levers being properly centered by the contact of their upper ends with the sides or walls of the grooves g, in which they are pivoted. The two opposite surfaces of each pair of levers h h form a nail-receiving channel within which the nail drops and by which it is caught and held, so that its point will not project below the bottom of the cylinder. These levers also cause the nail to be properly centered over the work when it is carried by the rotation of the cylinder R beneath the nail-driver, which latter, as it descends into the nail-channel it, forces the nail therein down between the lower ends ofthe levers h, which are thus separated against the resistance of the springs t" to allow of the passage of the nail into the stock on the work-supporting horn or rest beneath, the levers being closed together or returned to their normal positions by the said springs on the ascent of the nail-driver. The nailreceiving channels it, formed by the spaces between the levers h h, are of rectangular form in horizontal section, as seen in Fig. 16, with the longer dimension pointing radially toward the center of the cylinder, which enables them to receive and hold nails having rectangular heads, which are thus prevented from turning in the said channels, the levers h being provided at their lower ends with oblong or elliptical cavities Z, Figs. 14, 17, and 18, into which the flat point of the nail settles, these cavities causing the point of the nail to lie directly under the head, thereby insuring the nail being driven into the stock or material perfectly straight, as is essential to secure perfect work.

Around the lower half ofthe cylinder R is immovably secured a tightly-fitting collar or sleeve m, which serves to cover, the nailchannels 7.5 and confine the nails therein. This collar is provided on its exterior surface with square notches or cavities n, Fig. 12, corresponding in number to the nail-channels 7t, these notches .being engaged by a spring-catch p, which thus locks and holds the cylinder R at the termination of each movement immovably in its proper position with one of its nail-channels directly beneath the nail-driver, so that it cannot turn in eitherdirection while the nail is being driven, the cylinder when in this position having one of its nail-channels k in linewith the chute N, so that a nail will pass into the nailcylinder at the same time that one is being driven into the stock by the nail-driver. The spring-catch p is disengaged from the notch 07/ at the proper time to permit of the next movement of the nail-cylinder by means of an arm 27, Fig. 1, secured to a short shaft having its bearings in the frame-work and carrying at its opposite end a lever 28, which is actuated by a cam or projection 29 on the main shaft, against which it is constantly held by the pressure of tlie spring-catch p on the arm 27.

To the top of the cylinder R is secured a cap g, which is provided at its periphery with radial slots 1", corresponding in number to the nail-channels k and placed directly thereover. I The outer portions of these slots 7" are of such size as to admit the shank of a nail but not the head, which rests on the edges of this portion of the slot, as seen in Figs. let and 19, while the inner portion of the slot is enlarged and is of such size and shape as to allow the nail to drop through it into the nail-channel 7t beneath, and also permit of the passage of the nail-driver, which passes through the said enlarged portion of the slot. Aseach nail drops to the lowerend of the chute, it is caught and held by an adjustable stop 3', which is secured to the end of the chute and extends beyond the same over the nail-cylinder, as seen in Figs. 13 and 14, just far enough to allow the lowermost nail in the chute to slide into the narrow portion of the slot 0" opposite thereto, but no farther, whereby the entrance of more than one nail at a time into the slot is prevented and the clogging of the nail-channels thus avoided. As the cylinder is rotated, the projecting head of the nail is carried into an eccentric or camgroove 25, Figs. 19 and 20, formed in the under side of a guide-piece a, adjustably secured to a guard 30, attached to the lower end of the chute N. The form of the cam-groove i is such that as the nail-head is carried through it by the movement of the cylinder B it will be pushed inward toward the center of the cap q until it reaches the enlarged inner portion of the slot 1", through which it will then drop into the nail-channel It beneath to be caught by the centering and holding levers h. The cap q is made adjustable and removable from the cylinder, so that it can be replaced by others having slots r of different sizes or shapes for nails of different kinds. The lower end of the guard 30 extends downward, and is so placed that it will cover that portion of ,the nail-channel which lies between the cap q and the collar m at the time the nail is passing down through the cap into the said nail-channel, whereby the nail is guided safely into the lower portion of the nail-channel surrounded by the collar m.

The nail-carrying cylinder R is rotated positively and intermittingly a distance equal to that between two consecutive nail-channels in the following manner: The upper portion of thecylinder R is provided with a ratchetw'heel o, with which engages a spring-pawl 10', secured to a collar a which encircles and oscillates on the upper end of the cylinder above. the ratchet-wheel '0'. To an arm or lever b Figs. 5, 6, and 12, formed integral with the collar a is pivoted a rod 0 the opposite end of which slides through an aperture in one end of abell-crank lever S, which is actuated against the resistance of a spring 31 by a cam d on the main shaft. Between thelever b? and the end of the bell-crank lever S the .rod 0 is encircled by a stiff spiral spring 6 and when the bell-crank lever S is vibrated by its cam d the springe exerts a pressure upon the ratchet-lever btand moves the same to turn the nail-cylinder, the spring being sufficiently stiif to perform this function without yielding. If, however, the nailcylinder should become obstructed by an imperfect nail, or be from any other cause prevented from revolving, the bell-crank leverS on being actuated by its cam will slide over the rod 0 and compress the spring 6 without moving the ratchet-lever b thus avoiding the breaking or injuring of the parts which would otherwise occur. It is obvious, however, that a rigid connection could be employed, if desired, between the arm 19 and the bell-crank leverS but I prefer a yielding connection, for the reasons above stated.

By adjusting the yielding connection between the bell-crank lever-S and the ratchet mechanism which rotates the nail-carrying cylinder, which is effected by means of the nuts 82, Figs. 11 and 12, the position of the cylinder can be regulated with the utmost nicety to insure the slots 0" in its cap q and its nail-receiving channels thereunder being brought exactly into line with the nail-driver after each movement of the cylinder, and the chute or track N is made adjustable on the frame-work A by means of screws and slots, so that it can be brought exactly into a proper operative position with respect to the nailcarrying cylinder after the latter has been adjusted to bring its nail-receiving channels exactly into line with the nail'driver, as before described.

I will now describe the feeding device, by means of which the stock, after each nail has been driven, is moved into the proper position for the next nail.

At the lower end of a plate '1, secured to the front plate U of the machine, is formed a bearin g for the support of a serrated or rou ghened feed-roll f which is adapted to bear upon the stock outside the nail-driver, and to this feed-roll is imm ovably secured a ratchetwheel g the said feed roll and ratchet-wheel being held in place within the bearing atthe bottom of the plate Tbya bolt 7L2, having a nut 11 and check-nut The ratchet-wheel g is intermitt-ingly rotated by a pawl Z Fig. 7, at the lower end of a bar m the upper end of which is pivoted to a block 72?, which slides in a vertical slot p in the front plate U and projects inward, so as to lie in the path of a lug or projection N, Fig. 8, on the driver-bar H, the parts being so arranged that as the driver-bar is raised byits cam the projection r thereon will impinge on the block 17. and raise the bar m against the resistance of a spring 33, Fig. 9, causing the pawl Z to turn the ratchet-wheel and feed-wheel a sufficient distance to produce the desired amount of feed of the stock held between said feedwheel and the work-supporting horn or rest by the upward pressure of the spring f, the stock being guided, as usual, by the hand of the operator and held against an adjustable gage-wheel 34, which is mounted on a supporting-arm 35 and regulates the distance of the nails from the edge of the work, and by thus placing the feed-wheel outside the naildriver the nails can be placed as near as desired to the edge of the work, which is an important advantage.

To the upper end of the work-supporting horn K is secured a rest or support for the stock, consisting, preferably, of a beveled roll .9 which rotates on a pin projecting from the horn at an angle of forty-five degrees, which causes the beveled face of the roll to lie in a horizontal plane, by which construction and arrangement the turning of the stock around in a small circle or curve is greatly facilitated, the roll forming a support for the stock outside the line in which the nails are being driven. On the inner side of the beveled roll 5 is placed a vertical work-support ing rest, consisting, preferably, of a roll 15 which revolves on a horizontal stud projeeting from an L-shaped piece a whichis made adj ustable horizontally by means of a slot and screw upon the work-supporting horn K. IVhen the nails are to be driven into the stock without clinching, as i n heel-lifts, theroll t is adjusted so as to leave a space or channel between it and the beveled roll 3 as seen in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, into which the points of the nails enter. IVhen, however, it is desired to clinch the nails, the roll t is adjusted to bring it up close against the beveled or outside rolls siwhereby a solid an vil is formed, against which the point of the nail is driven to clinch it, and by means of these two rolls a support can be afforded for the work either on the inside or on the outside'of thenailing-lin e, orboth, while a space or channel can be left beneath the driver, or an anvil can be brought thereunder, in accordance with the nature of the work to be performed. This I regard as a novel and important feature of my invention, all other nailing machines of this class with which I am acquainted are merely provided with an anvil, against which a nail is driven, no space or channel being afforded for the points of the nails to enter if it should not be desired to clinch the same.

\Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a nailing-machine, the nail-carrying cylinder provided around its circumference ITO with a series of nail holding and centering levers pivoted thereto and arranged in pairs, combined with springs to operate upon the same, saidlevers being adapted to be forced apart by the nail-driver in its descent,whereby the nails are driven through channels arranged around the periphery of the cylinder, substantially as described.

2. In a -nailing-machine, the combination, with a work-supporting horn, a spring-operated driver-bar and nail-driver, and a nailfeeding chute or track, of a rotarynail-carryi n g cylinder provided around its circumference with a series of nail holding and centering levers pivoted thereto and arranged in pairs, and

springs to operate upon the same, said levers being adapted to be forced apart by the nail driver. in its descent, substantially as described.

,3. In a nailing-machine, an intermittinglyrotating nail carrying cylinder provided around its circumference with a series of nail holding and centering levers pivoted thereto and arranged in pairs with springs to operate upon the same, said levers being adapted to be forced apart by the nail-driver in its descent, and means for locking said cylinder in position after each movement, combined with a spring-operated driver-bar and nail-driver, a feeding device for the stock, a work-supporting horn, and a nail-feeding chute or track adapted to deliver the nails to the carryingcylinder, by which they are carried around beneath the nail-driver, substantially as set forth.

4. In a nailing-machine, thecombination, with the nail-carrying cylinder R, of the nail holding and centering levers h, pivoted thereto and arranged to form nail-receiving channels of rectangular form in horizontal section, said levers being provided with elliptical cavities Z for centering the points of the nails directly beneath their heads to insure straight driving and being normally held together at their lower ends by springs, substantially as set forth.

5. In a nailing-machine, the combination, with the nail-carrying cylinder having around its circumference a series of vertical nail holding and centering channels, as described, of a collar or sleeve m, encircling the lower portion of the cylinder and nail-holding channels therein, whereby the upper portions of the said nail-channels are left exposed and uncovered, said sleeve m having a series of notchcsn, asdescribed, corresponding in number to said nail-channels, and a spring-catch 1), adapted to engage with said notches to lock the cylinder immovably in position after each movement, substantially as set forth.

6. In a nailing-machine, the nail-carrying cylinder R, having around its circumference a series of vertical nail-holding channels provided with nail-centering devices, and having a cap q secured thereto and forming part of the same, said cap having at its periphery a series of radial slots 0" arranged directly over said channels, each slot having a narrow outer portion and an enlarged inner portion through which the nail drops into the nail-receiving channel beneath, in combination with a guide for pushing the nails from the narrow to the enlarged portions of the slots as the cylinder is rotated, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a nailing-machine, the combination, with the nail-carrying cylinder with its nail holding and centering devices and cap q, having the slots 7" formed as described, of the guide a, provided on its under side with an eccentric or cam groove for pushing the nails into the enlarged portions of the slots 1", the collar or sleeve m encircling the lower portion of the cylinder, and the guard 30, adapted to cover the'open portion of the verticalnail-channel between the cap and the collar, into which the-nail is being dropped,

, substantially as described.

8. In 'a nailing-machine, the combination, With a nail-carrying cylinder provided with a ratchet-wheel and intermittingly rotated by a pawl mounted on a lever and engaging with said ratchet-wheel, of a spring or yielding connection located between said pawl-carrying lever and its actuating mechanism, and arranged, as described, to transmit motion from said actuating mechanism to said pawlcarrying lever, and yield and permit the said pawl-carrying lever to remain stationary during the movement of its actuating mechanism. in case the nail-carrying cylinder should become obstructed,substantially as set forth.

9. In a nailing-machine, the combination, with the nail-carrying cylinder providedwith a ratchet-wheel o, of the pawl w, pivoted to the lever 11 near its fulcrum, the bell-crank S, actuating-cam 01 spring 31, and a yielding or spring connection between the bell-crank S and the lever 19 all operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a nailing-machine, the combination of the intermittingly-rotated nail-carryingcylinder R, provided with a series of nail-holding channels it open above the nail-encircling collar or sleeve m, said collar having a series of notches a correspondingin numberto said nail-channels,a spring-catch p adapted to engage with the notches n to locl; the cylinder immovably in position after each movement, and a device for disengaging the catch p from the notches n, to permit the cylinder R to be rotated, substantially as set forth.

11. In anailing-machine, the combination, with the nail-chute N, having an open portion at its upper end to receive the nails, and a beveled portion 4, located immediately below the same, of the stationary bifurcated guide 8, secured immovably upon the chute and projecting over. its beveled portion '2", said guide having side openings 26 located below its bifurcated front end and over the lower part of the beveled portion r of the chute, through which a nail passing through the guide 3, with its shank out of the raceway, will escape and fall back into the reservoir, substantially as described.

12. In a nailing-machine, the combination, with the nail-chute N, and the nail-carrying cylinder R, provided with nail-holding channels 7c, and the cap q, having a series of slots 0" extending radially inward from its periphery and having their inner portions enlarged, of the adjustable stop 3, located at the lower end of the chute and projecting overthe edge of the nail-cylinder into a position to arrest the movement of the lowermost nail as soon as it slides into the narrow or outer portion of the slot 4" in the cap q substantially as and for the purpose described.

13. In a nailing-machine, the combination,

with the rotating nail-carrying cylinder R, and a spring-operated driver-bar H and naildriver, of the Work-supporting horn K, having a beveled Work-supporting roll .9 inclined at an angle to a horizontal plane, substantially as and for the purpose described.

14. In a nailing-machine, the combination, with a yielding work-supporting horn having a vertical movement toward and from a spring-operated driver-bar and nail-driver and forced toward the same by means of a spring and provided With an outer work-supporting rest, of an inner Work-supporting rest located on one side of the outer rest, substantially as and for the purpose described.

15. In a nailingn1achine, the combination,

with the work-supporting horn and its roll or rest .9 of the inner roll or rest 1?, made ad- Jnstable toward and from the roll or rest .9 whereby the roll or rest I? can be adjusted to form an anvil for the points of the nails to be JOHN HYSLOP, JR.

In presence of P. E. TESOHEMACHER, HARRY \V. AIKEN. 

